۞ وَاتْلُ عَلَيْهِمْ نَبَأَ ابْنَيْ
آدَمَ بِالْحَقِّ إِذْ قَرَّبَا قُرْبَانًا فَتُقُبِّلَ مِنْ أَحَدِهِمَا وَلَمْ
يُتَقَبَّلْ مِنَ الْآخَرِ قَالَ لَأَقْتُلَنَّكَ ۖ قَالَ إِنَّمَا يَتَقَبَّلُ اللَّهُ
مِنَ الْمُتَّقِينَ [٥:٢٧]
[yusufali] Recite to them the truth of the story
of the two sons of Adam. Behold! they each presented a sacrifice (to Allah):
It was accepted from one, but not from the other. Said the latter: "Be
sure I will slay thee." "Surely," said the former, "Allah
doth accept of the sacrifice of those who are righteous.
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[bn.hoque] আর তাদের কাছে সঠিকভাবে বর্ণনা করো দুই আদম-সন্তানের
কাহিনী, কেমন ক’রে তারা উভয়ে কুরবানি করেছিল, কিন্তু তা কবুল হল তাদের একজনের কাছ থেকে আর অপরজনের কাছ
থেকে তা গৃহীত হল না। সে বললে -- ''নিশ্চয় আমি তোমাকে
খুন করবো।’’ সে বললে -- ''আল্লাহ্ কবুল করেন শুধু ধর্মভীরুদের থেকে।
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﴿٢٧﴾
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لَئِن بَسَطتَ إِلَيَّ يَدَكَ
لِتَقْتُلَنِي مَا أَنَا بِبَاسِطٍ يَدِيَ إِلَيْكَ لِأَقْتُلَكَ ۖ إِنِّي أَخَافُ اللَّهَ رَبَّ
الْعَالَمِينَ [٥:٢٨]
[yusufali] "If thou dost stretch thy hand against
me, to slay me, it is not for me to stretch my hand against thee to slay
thee: for I do fear Allah, the cherisher of the worlds.
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[bn.hoque] ''তুমি যদি আমার দিকে
তোমার হাত বাড়াও আমাকে হত্যা করতে, আমি কিন্তু তোমার
দিকে আমার হাত প্রসারণকারী হবো না তোমাকে হত্যা করতে। নিঃসন্দেহ আমি ভয় করি
আল্লাহ্কে -- সমগ্র বিশ্বজগতের প্রভু।
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﴿٢٨﴾
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إِنِّي أُرِيدُ أَن تَبُوءَ بِإِثْمِي
وَإِثْمِكَ فَتَكُونَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّارِ ۚ وَذَٰلِكَ جَزَاءُ الظَّالِمِينَ [٥:٢٩]
[yusufali] "For me, I intend to let thee draw on
thyself my sin as well as thine, for thou wilt be among the companions of the
fire, and that is the reward of those who do wrong."
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[bn.hoque] ''নিঃসন্দেহ আমি চাই যে
তুমি আমার বিরুদ্ধে পাপ ও তোমার পাপ বহন করো, ফলে আগুনের বাসিন্দাদের দলভুক্ত হও, আর এই-ই অন্যায়কারীদের প্রতিফল।’’
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﴿٢٩﴾
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فَطَوَّعَتْ لَهُ نَفْسُهُ قَتْلَ
أَخِيهِ فَقَتَلَهُ فَأَصْبَحَ مِنَ الْخَاسِرِينَ [٥:٣٠]
[yusufali] The (selfish) soul of the other led him to
the murder of his brother: he murdered him, and became (himself) one of the
lost ones.
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[bn.hoque] কিন্তু তার মন তাকে প্রবুদ্ধ করলো তার ভাইকে হত্যা
করতে, তাই সে তাকে খুন করলো, কাজেই পরমূহূর্তে সে হলো ক্ষতিগ্রস্তদের দলের।
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﴿٣٠﴾
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فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ غُرَابًا يَبْحَثُ فِي
الْأَرْضِ لِيُرِيَهُ كَيْفَ يُوَارِي سَوْءَةَ أَخِيهِ ۚ قَالَ يَا وَيْلَتَا أَعَجَزْتُ أَنْ
أَكُونَ مِثْلَ هَٰذَا الْغُرَابِ فَأُوَارِيَ سَوْءَةَ أَخِي ۖ فَأَصْبَحَ مِنَ النَّادِمِينَ [٥:٣١]
[yusufali] Then Allah sent a raven, who scratched the
ground, to show him how to hide the shame of his brother. "Woe is
me!" said he; "Was I not even able to be as this raven, and to hide
the shame of my brother?" then he became full of regrets-
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[bn.hoque] তারপর আল্লাহ্ একটি কাককে নিযুক্ত করলেন মাটি আচঁড়াতে
যেন তাকে দেখানো যায় কেমন ক’রে সে তার ভাইয়ের
মৃতদেহ ঢাকবে। সে বললে -- ''হায় দুর্ভাগ্য! আমি
কি এই কাকের মতো হবার জন্য এতই দুর্বল হয়ে গেছি, কাজেই আমি যেন আমার ভাইয়ের শব ঢাকতে পারি?’’ সেজন্য পরমুহূর্তে সে হলো অনুতপ্তদের দলের
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Narrated As-Sadiy
on the authority of Abu Malik and Abu Salih after Ibn 'Abbas (May Allah be pleased with him)
and on the authority of Ibn Mas`ud
and other Companions that Adam (Peace be upon him) used to get the male brought by one birth
married to the female brought
by the other. Hence, it was supposed that Abel would get
married to Cain's sister who
was better and more beautiful than
anyone else. At the same time, Cain wanted
to keep her for himself. Adam (Peace be upon him) ordered him
to allow' Abel to marry her, but he
totally refused. Then, Adam (Peace be upon him) ordered both (Abel and Cain) to offer a sacrifice to Allah Almighty. Meanwhile, Adam set
forth towards Mecca to perform Pilgrimage. Just before leaving,
Adam tried to entrust (the affairs of) his children to
the heavens, the earth and finally to the mountains, but
all declined to shoulder
the (heavy) trust. Thereupon, Cain accepted the
trust and after Adam went away they
(Abel and Cain) offered their sacrifices to Allah. Abel offered a
fat she-goat, while Cain offered a bundle of bad
plants. Later, a fire came down from heaven and
consumed the sacrifice offered
by Abel and left untouched that
of Cain. Cain became livid with rage
and said to his brother: I will kill you so as not to marry my sister, Abel said: {Verily, Allah accepts only from
those who are Al-Muttaqun (the pious)}
'Abdullah Ibn `Amr (May Allah be pleased with both
of them) said: By Allah! The murdered (Abel) was stronger (than the murderer, Cain),
but he refused to stretch his hand against his brother to kill him due to his piety and God-fearing.
Abu Ja`far Al-Baqir mentioned that Adam
(Peace be upon him) was present there when they offered
their sacrifices. After Abel's sacrifice
was accepted, Cain said to his
father, Adam: "It was accepted only from him because you
invoked Allah for his sake." And,
he secretly intended something
against his brother. One day, Abel was late and Adam sent Cain to look for him. The two brothers met and Cain said: "Your sacrifice
was accepted and mine was
not." Abel said: "{Verily, Allah accepts
only from those who are Al-Muttaqun (the pious)}." Cain got angry and hit his brother with an iron rod and Abel fell dead at once.
It was said: Cain killed Abel by throwing a rock at his head
while he was asleep. It was also said: Cain choked Abel violently and bit him to death as beasts
do. However, Abel's saying when Cain threatened to kill him: {If
you do stretch your hand against
me to kill me, I shall never stretch
my hand against you to kill you: for I fear Allah, the
Lord of the" Alamin (mankind, jinn, and all that exists)}
(Al-Ma'idah, 28) indicated his good morals and ethics, his fear
from Allah, and perfect piety that he may harm his brother, in contrast with the odious deed
intended by his brother, Cain.
For this, Abu
Bakrah (May Allah be pleased with him)
reported Allah's Messenger
(Peace be upon him) as saying: "'When two Muslims confront each other and the one amongst them attacks his
brother with a weapon, both of them
get into Hell-Fire.' He (Ahnaf, one of the sub-narrators) said: 'I said, or it was said: Messenger of
Allah! It may be the case of one who
kills, but what about the slain (why he
would be put in Hell-Fire)?' Thereupon,
he (Peace be upon him) said:
'He also intended to kill his
companion. "
Allah the Almighty says: {Verily, I intend
to let you draw my sin (on
yourself) as well as yours, then you will be one of the denizens of the
Fire; and that is the recompense of
the Zalimun (polytheists and wrong-doers)}. (Al-Ma'idah, 29) i.e. I do not intend to fight
against you though I am myself far stronger and tougher than you
are, but you will {draw my sin on
yourself as well as yours},
Historians said: Adam became very sick at heart
and felt great sorrow for
his dead son, Abel. Mujahid said:
Cain was brought punishment very soon
afterwards. On the same day he killed his brother, Abel, his foot was tied up to his thighbone and his face was forcibly directed
up to the sun disk. His face
used to go where the sun goes as a
way of punishment and penalty in return
for what he had done to his own brother. Allah's Messenger (Peace be
upon him) said: "There is no sin
more recurring punishment (very rapidly) in the present life, along with what
awaits for its doer in the Hereafter, than transgression and severing the ties of relationship. "
Imam Abu J a' far mentioned in his
Tarikh "History" on the authority of some people who had
said: Eve gave birth to forty
children through twenty births. Ibn Ishaq
viewed the same and he
mentioned their names in detail. However, nothing is
sure of their names or numbers. Only Allah knows best and no one else can know
their exact number!
Others said: there were one
hundred and twenty births,
in each one a male and a female were born. The first among them were Cain
and his sister Qalimah, and the last ones were `Abdul Mughith and his sister Ummul
Mughith. Then, humans increased
in number and spread into the earth. Allah Almighty says: {O mankind! Be dutiful to your Lord, Who created you from a single
person (Adam), and from
him (Adam) He created his wife [Hawwa (Eve)], and from them both He created many men and women; and
fear Allah through Whom you demand (your
mutual rights), and (do
not cut the relations of) the wombs
(kinship). Surely, Allah is Ever an All-Watcher over you}. (An-Nisa', 1)
Historians said: Adam did not die till he saw from
among his progeny and offspring four hundred thousand persons (400.000). Only Allah knows best!
Allah, the Almighty says: {It is He Who has created you from a single person (Adam), and (then) He has created from him his wife
[Hawwa' (Eve)], in order that he
might enjoy the pleasure of living with her.
When he had sexual relation
with her, she became pregnant and she
carried it about lightly.
Then when it became
heavy, they both invoked Allah, their Lord (saying):
"If You give us a Salih (good in every aspect)
child, we shall indeed be
among the grateful." But when He gave them a
Salih (good in every aspect) child, they ascribed partners to Him
(Allah) in that which He
has given to them. High be
Allah, Exalted above all that
they ascribe as partners to Him}.
(Al-A'raf, 189, 190) Adam
was mentioned first to draw the attention of the reader of the Qur'an, then
whom was mentioned second was
the whole race of mankind. This is done by way of mentioning the whole
race of mankind after mentioning the forefather thereof; Allah
the Almighty says: {And
indeed We created man (Adam) out of an extract of
clay (water and earth). Thereafter We made him (the offspring of
Adam) as a Nutfah (mixed drops of the male and female sexual discharge
and lodged it) in a safe
lodging (Womb of the woman)}. (Al-Mu'minun, 12, 13); and in: {And indeed We
have adorned the nearest heaven with lamps, and We have made such lamps (as)
missiles to drive away the Shayatin (devils)}. (Al-Mulk, 5)
Where it is well- known that the
"lamps as missiles" are not the same as lamps of adornment, but He turned from a single category or person
to the whole race.
Adam (Peace be
upon him) was. the father of mankind. He was created by the Hand of Allah Who breathed out of His Soul into him, Who made the Angels prostrate themselves before him, Who taught him names of everything, and Who made him dwell in His spacious Paradise. Narrated Ibn Hibban in his Sahih on the authority
of Abu Dharr his saying: "I said, 0 Allah's Messenger! How many were the Prophets of
Allah?' He (Peace be upon him) said: 'One hundred twenty-four thousands.' I said:
'O Allah's Messenger! How many were the Messengers among them?' He (Peace
be upon him) said: 'Three hundred and thirteen, a great number!' I said:
'O Allah's Messenger! Who was the first among them? 'He (Peace be upon
him) said: 'Adam.' I said: 'O Allah's
Messenger! Was he a Prophet sent with a
Message?' He (Peace be upon him) said: 'Yes, Allah the Almighty created him with
His Hand, then, breathed into him out of His Soul, then, He fashioned him (in a very proper manner).
"
In the Night
Journey Hadith that can be found in the two Sahihs -Al-Bukhari and Muslim -Prophet
Muhammad (Peace be upon him)
said: "So the gate was opened and we went over the nearest heaven and
there we saw a man sitting with some people on his right and some
on his left. When he looked towards
his right, he laughed and when
he looked towards his left
he wept. Then he said,
'Welcome! 0 pious Prophet and pious son!' I asked Gabriel: 'Who is he?' He replied: 'He is Adam and the people on his right and left are the souls of his offspring. Those
on his right are the people of Paradise and those on his left are the people of Hell
and when he looks towards
his right he laughs and when
he looks towards his left
he weeps. " (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
Regarding the Prophetic Hadith that reads: "Then, I passed by Yusuf
(Joseph) and I found him to be
granted half of beauty."Some scholars explained
that it means that he was given half
of the beauty Adam was granted. Indeed, this is very suitable
and convincing! That Allah, the
Almighty created Adam, fashioned him by His Hand and breathed into
him out of His Soul, for all these Allah the Almighty must have created the
best of all things.
It was narrated on the authority of `Abdullah Ibn 'Umar and' Abdullah Ibn 'Amr that:
When Allah the Almighty created Paradise,
the Angels said: "'Our Lord! Make this for us for You created for mankind the present world in which
they eat and drink.' Allah the Almighty said: 'By My Glory and
Loftiness! I will not equalize between the pious from
among those whom I created with My
Hand, and those whom When I said
"Be ", they were!" It was narrated in the two Sahihs -Bukhari and Muslim that Abu Hurairah (May
Allah be pleased with him) reported Allah's Messenger
(Peace be upon him) as saying: Allah, the Exalted and Glorious created
Adam in His own image with His
length of sixty cubits,
and as He created him He told him to greet that
group, and that was a party of angels sitting there, and
listen to the response that they
give him, for it would form
his greeting and that of his offspring. Adam then addressed them: Peace be upon you! They (the angels) said: May there be
peace upon you and the Mercy of Allah,
and they made an addition of "Mercy of Allah ". So
he who would get into Paradise would
get in the form of Adam, his length being
sixty cubits, then the people who
followed him continued to diminish in size up to this
day. "(Al- Bukhari and Muslim)
Narrated Imam Ahmed, Abu Dawud and At-Tirmidhi on the authority of
Sa'd Ibn Abu Waqqas his statement upon
the ordeal of `Uthman Ibn `Affan that reads: I testify that Allah's Messenger
(Peace be upon him) said: "There will be soon a period of turmoil in which the one who
sits will be better than one who
stands and the one who stands will be better
than one who walks and the one
who walks will be better
than one who runs."
Someone said: 'Allah's Messenger! What is your opinion if someone
entered my home and stretched his hand to kill me? 'Allah's Messenger (Peace be
upon him) said: 'Be just like the son
of Adam (Abel). "Narrated by Ibn Mardwiyah after Hudhaifah
Ibn Al- Yaman in another wording as
saying: "Be just like the best
of Adam's two sons."
Imam Ahmed transmitted after Mu`awiyah and Waki` their saying: We were told
by Al- A ` mash on the authority of
`Abdullah Ibn Murrah after Masruq after `Abdullah Ibn
Mas`ud (May Allah be pleased with him) as saying: The Prophet (Peace be upon him) said, "None (no human being) is killed or murdered (unjustly),
but a part of responsibility for
the crime is laid on the first son of Adam who invented the tradition of killing (murdering on earth). "
(Ahmed's Musnad)
However, there is
a cave, called the "Blood Cave", in
a mountain located to the northern part of Syria. It is
thought to be the scene of the crime where Cain killed his brother Abel. The people living there came
to know this through the People of the Book (Christians and
Jews) and only Allah Almighty knows the
validity or realness of this.
.Al-Hafiz Ibn `Asakir mentioned
in the biography of Ahmed Ibn
Katheer that "He (Ahmed) saw in a dream Allah's Messenger
(Peace be upon him), Abu Bakr, `Umar
and Abel. Ahmed came to know from
Abel -who took an oath of that- it
was his own blood (that was spilt there (in that very cave)). Abel said that he had asked Allah Almighty to make the invocations and
supplications offered in that place acceptable. Allah accepted his own invocations and His Messenger, Muhammad (Peace be upon
him) believed in that and said: I
(Allah's Messenger), Abu Bakr
and `Umar used to visit that
place every Thursday. "However, it is to be stated that
this narration represents only a vision. Even if it were true, no religious ruling can
ever be based on such a thing; and Allah
knows best!
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